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Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows for a large-scale urban rail transit system

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 250-261 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0180-2

摘要： Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows is an important approach in evaluating and optimizing the operation efficiency of large-scale urban rail transit (URT) systems. This study proposes a passenger–train interaction simulation approach to determine the coupling relationship between passenger and train flows. On the bases of time-varying origin–destination demand, train timetable, and network topology, the proposed approach can restore passenger behaviors in URT systems. Upstream priority, queuing process with first-in-first-serve principle, and capacity constraints are considered in the proposed simulation mechanism. This approach can also obtain each passenger’s complete travel chain, which can be used to analyze (including but not limited to) various indicators discussed in this research to effectively support train schedule optimization and capacity evaluation for urban rail managers. Lastly, the proposed model and its potential application are demonstrated via numerical experiments using real-world data from the Beijing URT system (i.e., rail network with the world’s highest passenger ridership).

关键词： urban rail transit coupling analysis passenger–train interaction large-scale simulation

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“7·23”旅客列车事故的重要启示

孙永福

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第12期页码 4-9

摘要：

阐述了“7·23”旅客列车事故发生经过并进行了原因分析，从工程管理视角研究提出了4点重要启示：强化铁路新产品研发管理，完善铁路新产品准入管理，提高铁路运输应急处置能力和科学有序地推动铁路建设。

关键词：旅客列车事故研发管理准入管理应急处置铁路建设管理

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我国第一列高速电动旅客列车组诞生

刘友梅

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第1期页码 85-85

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中国需要高速磁悬浮列车

严陆光

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第5期页码 8-13

摘要：

20世纪，高速磁悬浮列车的发展令人瞩目，高速磁悬浮列车技术已成熟到可建造实用运营线的程度，从而使人类地面客运的速度可望在21世纪中前期达到550km/h的新水平。文章简要叙述了高速磁悬浮列车的发展、特点与优势，它主要适用于长距离、大城市间、大流量的客运。从我国的国情与未来需求出发，指出它最适合于我国高速客运专线网的发展，就京沪高速铁路而言，也比高速轮轨列车有着明显的优越性，发展高速磁悬浮列车体系是当务之急，并对当前应抓紧试验运营线的建设等工作提出了建议。

关键词：磁悬浮列车高速客运交通运输

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车桥耦合动力分析方法及验证

张楠, 田园, 夏禾

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第4期页码 528-536 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.04.012

摘要：

本文系统研究了车桥耦合动力系统的分析方法。随着铁路技术的发展，车桥耦合动力分析日臻成熟，此类研究对评判桥梁设计方案、确保列车运行的安全性与平稳性具有重要意义。车桥耦合动力研究中考虑轨道不平顺、结构变形、风荷载、撞击荷载、结构损伤、基础冲刷和地震等因素的影响，其研究方法主要包括解析法、数值模拟法以及试验研究法三类。本文的车辆子系统模型以刚体动力学方法建立，桥梁子系统模型以有限元方法建立，竖向与横向轮轨关系分别以轮轨密贴假定和 Kalker 线性蠕滑理论定义。车桥耦合动力方程以全过程迭代法求解。算例讨论了CRH380BL 高速列车通过我国标准设计桥梁的动力响应，计算了车速200~400 km·h^-1 范围内车辆与桥梁子系统的动力响应，并分析了振动发生的机理。

关键词：车桥耦合系统轮轨关系全过程迭代法现场试验验证

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高速动车组列车牵引仿真计算技术研究

康熊

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第1期页码 62-68

摘要：

随着我国高速铁路的发展，高速动车组列车牵引仿真计算具有重要意义。对高速动车组的牵引仿真计算的方法进行了研究，分析了与普通列车牵引计算的区别及相关的关键理论。介绍了自主研发的牵引仿真系统的构成和功能。以京沪高速铁路为计算实例，对4种不同的运行方案进行了仿真计算，对线路中的电分相的设置和影响进行了计算分析，并以京沪高速铁路先导试验段的冲高速试验为对象进行了模拟仿真。多次实际应用表明提出的高速动车组牵引仿真计算的方法具有良好的仿真精度和实用意义, 可以为我国高速铁路工程建设提供有效的手段，并据此提出了今后的发展方向。

关键词：高速动车组牵引仿真计算

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Implementation of a flexible Major Vacation Toll-free Program for small passenger vehicles in China

Meng XU, Ziyou GAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 498-499 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017111

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Robust train speed trajectory optimization: A stochastic constrained shortest path approach

Li WANG, Lixing YANG, Ziyou GAO, Yeran HUANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 408-417 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017042

摘要： Train speed trajectory optimization is a significant issue in railway traffic systems, and it plays a key role in determining energy consumption and travel time of trains. Due to the complexity of real-world operational environments, a variety of factors can lead to the uncertainty in energy-consumption. To appropriately characterize the uncertainties and generate a robust speed trajectory, this study specifically proposes distance-speed networks over the inter-station and treats the uncertainty with respect to energy consumption as discrete sample-based random variables with correlation. The problem of interest is formulated as a stochastic constrained shortest path problem with travel time threshold constraints in which the expected total energy consumption is treated as the evaluation index. To generate an approximate optimal solution, a Lagrangian relaxation algorithm combined with dynamic programming algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal solutions. Numerical examples are implemented and analyzed to demonstrate the performance of proposed approaches.

关键词： train speed trajectory optimization railway operation stochastic programming

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Machine learning for fault diagnosis of high-speed train traction systems: A review

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0256-2

摘要： High-speed trains (HSTs) have the advantages of comfort, efficiency, and convenience and have gradually become the mainstream means of transportation. As the operating scale of HSTs continues to increase, ensuring their safety and reliability has become more imperative. As the core component of HST, the reliability of the traction system has a substantially influence on the train. During the long-term operation of HSTs, the core components of the traction system will inevitably experience different degrees of performance degradation and cause various failures, thus threatening the running safety of the train. Therefore, performing fault monitoring and diagnosis on the traction system of the HST is necessary. In recent years, machine learning has been widely used in various pattern recognition tasks and has demonstrated an excellent performance in traction system fault diagnosis. Machine learning has made considerably advancements in traction system fault diagnosis; however, a comprehensive systematic review is still lacking in this field. This paper primarily aims to review the research and application of machine learning in the field of traction system fault diagnosis and assumes the future development blueprint. First, the structure and function of the HST traction system are briefly introduced. Then, the research and application of machine learning in traction system fault diagnosis are comprehensively and systematically reviewed. Finally, the challenges for accurate fault diagnosis under actual operating conditions are revealed, and the future research trends of machine learning in traction systems are discussed.

关键词： high-speed train traction systems machine learning fault diagnosis

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Metro train rescheduling by adding backup trains under disrupted scenarios

Jiateng YIN, Yihui WANG, Tao TANG, Jing XUN, Shuai SU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 418-427 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017044

摘要： In large cities with heavily congested metro lines, unexpected disturbances often occur, which may cause severe delay of multiple trains, blockage of partial lines, and reduction of passenger service. Metro dispatchers have taken a practical strategy of rescheduling the timetable and adding several backup trains in storage tracks to alleviate waiting passengers from crowding the platforms and recover from such disruptions. In this study, we first develop a mixed integer programming model to determine the optimal train rescheduling plan with considerations of in-service and backup trains. The aim of train rescheduling is to frequently dispatch trains to evacuate delayed passengers after the disruption. Given the nonlinearity of the model, several linearization techniques are adapted to reformulate the model into an equivalent linear model that can be easily handled by the optimization software. Numerical experiments are implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed train rescheduling approach.

关键词： train rescheduling backup train metro line disruption timetable

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Real-world fuel consumption of light-duty passenger vehicles using on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems

Xuan Zheng, Sheng Lu, Liuhanzi Yang, Min Yan, Guangyi Xu, Xiaomeng Wu, Lixin Fu, Ye Wu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1212-6

摘要： • Fuel consumption (FC) from LDPVs is measured using on-board diagnostic method (OBD). • The FC of the OBD is 7.1% lower than that of the carbon balance results. • The discrepancy between the approved FC and real-world FC is 13%±18%. • There is a strong relationship (R2=0.984) between the average speed and relative FC. An increasing discrepancy between real-world and type-approval fuel consumption for light-duty passenger vehicles (LDPVs) has been reported by several studies. Normally, real-world fuel consumption is measured primarily by a portable emission measurement system. The on-board diagnostic (OBD) approach, which is flexible and offers high-resolution data collection, is a promising fuel consumption monitoring method. Three LDPVs were tested with a laboratory dynamometer based on a type-approval cycle, the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). Fuel consumption was measured by the OBD and constant-volume sampling system (CVS, a regulatory method) to verify the accuracy of the OBD values. The results of the OBD method and the regulatory carbon balance method exhibited a strong linear correlation (e.g., R2 = 0.906-0.977). Compared with the carbon balance results, the fuel consumption results using the OBD were 7.1%±4.3% lower on average. Furthermore, the real-world fuel consumption of six LDPVs was tested in Beijing using the OBD. The results showed that the normalized NEDC real-world fuel consumption of the tested vehicles was 13%±17% higher than the type-approval-based fuel consumption. Because the OBD values are lower than the actual fuel consumption, using a carbon balance method may result in a larger discrepancy between real-word and type-approval fuel consumption. By means of the operating mode binning and micro trip methods, a strong relationship (R2 = 0.984) was established between the average speed and relative fuel consumption. For congested roads (average vehicle speed less than 25 km/h), the fuel consumption of LDPVs is highly sensitive to changes in average speed.

关键词： Fuel consumption Light-duty passenger vehicles On-board diagnostic systems

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Pollution survey of carbonyl compounds in train air

LU Hao, ZHU Lizhong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 125-128 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0023-3

摘要： The train is an important vehicle in China, but its air quality has important impacts on passengers health. In this work, pollution from carbonyl compounds was measured in the air of six trains. The objectives of this work were to investigate carbonyl compound levels in selected air from trains, identify their emission sources, and assess the intake of carbonyl compounds for passengers. The methods for sampling and analyzing 10 carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, acetone, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, cyclohexanone, and valeraldehyde in indoor air were proposed with the sampling efficiency, recovery, and detection limit being 92% 100%, 91% 104%, and 0.26 0.82 ng/m, respectively. It was indicated that the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds were 0.159 0.2828 mg/m with the average concentration of 0.2330 mg/m. The average concentrations of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 0.0922, 0.0499, and 0.0580 mg/m, accounting for 42.6%, 21.4%, and 24.9% of the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds, respectively. The carbonyl compounds probably came from woodwork and cigarette smoking. The intake of carbonyl compounds for the passengers was approximately 0.043 0.076 mg/h. The carbonyl compounds in train air could be harmful to human health.

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Aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on a moving motor-van

Jiajun HE; Huoyue XIANG; Yongle LI; Bin HAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第7期页码 909-927 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0833-1

摘要： The newly-built single-level rail-cum-road bridge brings the issue of the aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on road automobiles. This research introduced a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model regarding this concern. Such an aerodynamic impact mechanism was explored; a relationship between the transverse distance between train and motor-van (hereinfafter referred to as van) and the aerodynamic effects on the van was explored to help the optimization of bridge decks, and the relationship between the automobile speed and aerodynamic variations of a van was fitted to help traffic control. The fitting results are accurate enough for further research. It is noted that the relative speed of the two automobiles is not the only factor that influences the aerodynamic variations of the van, even at a confirmed relative velocity, the aerodynamic variations of the van vary a lot as the velocity proportion changes, and the most unfavorable case shows an increase of over 40% on the aerodynamic variations compared to the standard case. The decay of the aerodynamic effects shows that not all the velocity terms would enhance the aerodynamic variations; the coupled velocity term constrains the variation amplitude of moments and decreases the total amplitude by 20%–40%.

关键词： rail-cum-road bridge aerodynamic impact train-induced wind CFD aerodynamic force quantitative analysis fitting

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客运专线铁路箱梁预制场优化

王治斌,王清明

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第1期页码 67-74

摘要：

结合所承担的铁道部及中铁建总公司科研课题“客运专线铁路简支箱梁梁场工业化研究”的研究成果，及近30个梁场的规划设计实践，对梁场选址、梁场的平面布置及设备配套等梁场建设的3大重要内容进行了全面深入的论述。

关键词：客运专线梁场选址平面布置设备配套

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如何应对列车控制系统革新？

Hideo Nakamura

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第3期页码 380-386 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.015

摘要：

列车控制系统的作用是确保铁路的安全。本文首先总结了日本、欧洲通用的列车控制系统，在此基础上，笔者根据现有列车控制系统，提出以下问题：应该采用什么方法来提高列车控制系统的功能性、安全性和可靠性，并协助铁路的商业运营？其次，笔者提出了一个有助于基于当前信息和通信技术对新型列车控制系统进行开发的理想架构；同时，还提出了一种新的统一列车控制系统(UTCS)，它能有效地提高列车控制系统的鲁棒性和竞争力。UTCS 的最终架构仅由基本设备组成，如铁轨中的转辙机和铁路道口控制设备。最后讨论了UTCS 在应用中的处理方式。

关键词：列车控制系统铁路信号基于无线通信的列车自动控制系统列车自动防护系统闭塞系统